Leo Tolstoy
Escrito por
9 de setembro de 1828 — 20 de novembro de 1910 (82 anos)
Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (1828–1910), usually referred to in English as Leo Tolstoy, was a Russian writer who is regarded as one of the greatest authors of all time. He received nominations for the Nobel Prize in Literature every year from 1902 to 1906 and for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1901, 1902, and 1909.
Born to an aristocratic Russian family in 1828, Tolstoy is best known for the novels War and Peace (1869) and Anna Karenina (1878), often cited as pinnacles of realist fiction. He first achieved literary acclaim in his twenties with his semi-autobiographical trilogy, Childhood, Boyhood, and Youth (1852–1856), and Sevastopol Sketches (1855), based upon his experiences in the Crimean War. His fiction includes dozens of short stories and several novellas such as The Death of Ivan Ilyich (1886), Family Happiness (1859), and Hadji Murad (1912). He also wrote plays and numerous philosophical essays.
In the 1870s Tolstoy experienced a profound moral crisis, followed by what he regarded as an equally profound spiritual awakening, as outlined in his non-fiction work A Confession (1882). His literal interpretation of the ethical teachings of Jesus, centering on the Sermon on the Mount, caused him to become a fervent Christian anarchist and pacifist. His ideas on nonviolent resistance, expressed in such works as The Kingdom of God Is Within You (1894), had a profound impact on such pivotal 20th-century figures as Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr. He also became a dedicated advocate of Georgism, the economic philosophy of Henry George, which he incorporated into his writing, particularly Resurrection (1899).
Born to an aristocratic Russian family in 1828, Tolstoy is best known for the novels War and Peace (1869) and Anna Karenina (1878), often cited as pinnacles of realist fiction. He first achieved literary acclaim in his twenties with his semi-autobiographical trilogy, Childhood, Boyhood, and Youth (1852–1856), and Sevastopol Sketches (1855), based upon his experiences in the Crimean War. His fiction includes dozens of short stories and several novellas such as The Death of Ivan Ilyich (1886), Family Happiness (1859), and Hadji Murad (1912). He also wrote plays and numerous philosophical essays.
In the 1870s Tolstoy experienced a profound moral crisis, followed by what he regarded as an equally profound spiritual awakening, as outlined in his non-fiction work A Confession (1882). His literal interpretation of the ethical teachings of Jesus, centering on the Sermon on the Mount, caused him to become a fervent Christian anarchist and pacifist. His ideas on nonviolent resistance, expressed in such works as The Kingdom of God Is Within You (1894), had a profound impact on such pivotal 20th-century figures as Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr. He also became a dedicated advocate of Georgism, the economic philosophy of Henry George, which he incorporated into his writing, particularly Resurrection (1899).
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Filmografia
| 2019 | Hermitage. The Power of Art · as Self |
| 1989 | My Twentieth Century · as Self |
| 1985 | A Simple Death · as Self |
| 1947 | Paris mil neuf cent · as Self (archive Footage) |
| 2027 | Voyna i mir · as Book |
| 2025 | Masha i Medvedi · as Story |
| 2025 | Semeynoe schaste · as Book |
| 2023 | Falling Again · as Based On A Novel By |
| 2020 | Lev Tolstoy and his cockroaches · as Diary |
| 2019 | Anna Karenina. The Intimate Diary · as Story |
| 2016 | The Woman Who Left · as Original Story |
| 2016 | War & Peace (2016) · as Book |
| 2012 | Boxing Day · as Story |
| 2012 | 2 Jacks · as Story |
| 2010 | Schooling the World · as Quotation |
| 1999 | Eleonora · as Texts |
| 1996 | Prisoner of the Mountains · as Story |
| 1990 | Night Sun · as Story |
| 1986 | Katha Sagar · as Story |
| 1983 | L'Argent · as Story |
| 1982 | Filipok · as Story |
| 1977 | Kavkasiuri ambavi · as Story |
| 1975 | Kavkasieli tkve · as Book |
| 1973 | Lemmi und die Schmöker · as Story |
| 1969 | The Living Corpse · as Theatre Play |
| 1965 | Estudio 1 · as Play |
| 1963 | Novela · as Novel "anna Karenina" |
| 1958 | Tri medvedya · as Fairytale |
| 1956 | The Kreutzer Sonata · as Short Story |
| 1955 | ITV Play of the Week · as Story |
| 1953 | Television Theater · as Author |
| 1953 | The United States Steel Hour · as Short Story |
| 1952 | Zhivoy trup · as Theatre Play |
| 1948 | Studio One · as Story "redemption" |
| 1947 | Kraft Television Theatre · as Play |
| 1937 | The Straits of Love and Hate · as Novel "resurrection" |
| 1937 | The Living Corpse · as Stories |
| 1937 | The Kreutzer Sonata · as Novel "die Kreutzersonate" |
| 1934 | The Woman of the Port · as Story |
| 1929 | The Living Corpse · as Theatre Play |
| 1927 | The Kreutzer Sonata · as Story |
| 1922 | Polikushka · as Story |
| 1919 | Vlast tmy · as Play |
| 1911 | Defense of Sevastopol · as Stories Sevastopolskie Rasskazy |
Anna K · as Original Story |